The House of Representatives has passed an amendment to the Electoral Act 2026, introducing strict penalties against individuals who belong to more than one political party at the same time.

Under the amendment, dual party membership is now officially classified as a criminal offence. Anyone found guilty of maintaining membership in two or more political parties simultaneously will face a fine of up to ₦10 million, a prison term of up to two years, or both, depending on the court’s decision.

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Key Provisions of the Amendment

The revised provision aims to address the growing concern over political defections and manipulation of party structures. Major highlights include:

• Criminalisation of dual party membership across all political parties in Nigeria.
• Penalty: Up to ₦10 million fine for offenders.
• Imprisonment: Maximum of two years in jail if convicted.
• The law applies to all political actors, including elected officials, party executives, aspirants, and ordinary members.

Lawmakers said the amendment is designed to strengthen party discipline and protect the integrity of Nigeria’s electoral system, which has frequently been affected by politicians shifting allegiance while still maintaining ties with previous parties.

Why the Amendment Was Introduced

Members of the House argued that dual party membership has contributed to political instability, internal party disputes, and legal battles after elections. By introducing criminal penalties, the legislature hopes to:

• Prevent politicians from secretly belonging to multiple parties for political advantage.
• Ensure loyalty and accountability within party structures.
• Reduce post-election litigation arising from disputes over party membership.

Next Legislative Steps

Although the amendment has been approved by the House of Representatives, it must still:

1. Be considered and passed by the Senate, if it has not already done so.
2. Be harmonised by both chambers if there are differences.
3. Receive presidential assent before it becomes fully enforceable law.

Political Reactions

Early reactions from political observers suggest the amendment could significantly affect Nigeria’s culture of cross-carpeting, where politicians frequently switch parties, sometimes while retaining influence in their former parties.

Some analysts believe the law will promote clearer party loyalty, while critics warn it could also be used politically to target opponents if enforcement is selective.